Globalization is a process of integration and interaction among the people of a different nation. Globalization impacts the environment which led to global warming. MNC's release their waste into the sea, the soil absorbs harmful chemicals and affects the ecosystem. Most of the developing countries invite developed countries to invest and remove global barriers and to generate employment but face negative impacts. Show
The Rapid development of the emerging countries over the years has also led to major emitters of Green House Gases. Climate change is the main environmental problem it has connectivity through the greenhouse gas emission. MNC's play a role in social, cultural & political issues; the growing trend of MNC's has led the international law to think about CSR- Corporate Social Responsibility the most important aspect of CSR is the environmental issue. Corporate environmental responsibility (CER)is to create awareness about the environmental impact and carbon footprint on natural resources. Introduction Globalization refers to how the world has become more connected economically, politically, socially and culturally over time. Through globalization Trade, ideas, people, technology, disease, services were shared across the world. The standard of living changed; countries became interdependent. The financial status of the developing and under-developing countries increased. The developed countries brought a new era into the lives of people. After World War -I, World War II, The Great Depression, and ending the regime of the Nazi. The United Nations, NATO, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and other global organisations. These organisations were formed to help to bring peace, stability and economic prosperity to the world. By the globalization IMF, WB helped in cross-border transactions in goods and services, to keep the flow of capital in the international market which helps in the growing economy of the nation, the interdependency of the countries worldwide. Globalization is not reversible we need to learn how we change its negative impact and implement them to make our world a happy and prosperous place to live eliminating all environmental, national security and humankind issues. Through this Article, I would like to throw the light on the environmental issue of Globalization. Impact of Globalization on EnvironmentGlobalization - Act of globalizing "; from the noun "global "meaning "About or involving the whole world ", "worldwide "; "universal "(Oxford English Dictionary). People are trading goods as long as they have been around. In the 1st century trading of luxury products started from China to the European continent-Rome. They travelled for thousands of miles along the silk road. Trade stopped being regional or local but now it was global. Silk was the most luxurious good, later species were added to the intercontinental trade between Asia and Europe. Many middlemen were involved to get the goods to their destination. Silk Roads were dominated by the two great emperors, most of the time trade was interrupted by the local enemies of Rome or China. Silk Road eventually closed because of the fall of the emperors they were blamed for the closure. But later during the medieval period - (The Mongols) the route was started again. It kept on rising and falling as per the need of the nation[2]. 7th-15th Century- Islam was the new religion spreading in all the direction, the founder of Islam the Prophet Mohammed, was famously a merchant. Muslim traders dominated the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean trade. The spices were traded the chief among them were the Cloves, nutmeg, and mace along with silk, they
also remained as a luxury product. The prices of the species fell. By the end of the 18th century, Great Britain has started to dominate the world through the establishment of the British Empire and their innovation like Steam Engine, Industrial weaving machines, etc. The Era of the first industrial revolution started. The 1914 outbreak of World War- I Everything was destroyed war was replaced by trade, countries closed their borders, hundreds of thousands of civilians died as collateral damage. Monetary market breakdown. The global economy got affected. Another world war followed in 1939-1945. By the end of World War II, trade as a percentage of world GDP has fallen to 5%. In the 19th century Through the third industrial revolution world witnessed a huge change in the global market. To move barriers from trade and commerce introduced to the new technology which made communication easier and availability of a product, increase in demand of services, helped underdeveloped and developing country generating employment increased the financial growth of the country. As globalization has its pros and cons depending upon the type of situation of the country. Environmental IssueIt is noticed in most cases that developed countries use the developing countries and underdeveloped countries for their benefits for example, in these countries, the MNC's get cheap labour and availability of resources in abundance so they use them to increase the profit of their company this lead to affect the developed countries because they have skilled labour and which are available to them at the high price so they search for low price labour and make them skilled in the field. As through the globalization we get interdependent to each other so if the financial growth of one country gets affected the other face it as well Globalization has a huge impact on the environment both in positive and negative aspects. But globalization helped to increase the major environmental damage that we are facing. Today some of the national, international policies have been made to reduce the effects of globalization on the environment.
Flora is also at great riskThe rising demand for exotic raw materials and farm products is affordable to consumers at a reasonable price in developed countries. Rising demand slowly decreases the availability of the plants. The demand for teak wood for the furniture and the other high quality of wood is on the list of the threatened species category. The increasing need for paper leading the way for deforestation, urbanization is also a reason which led to wiping out the flora and fauna from the earth's surface. Forest in Latin America and Sub -Saharan Africa are also being ravaged. As total damages to the ecosystem would result in an annual loss of USD 68 Billion to the world economy. The World wildlife fund for nature (WWF) predicts that by 2030 if nothing changes the humanity will exhaust annually twice the resource produced by the planet every year. Globalization has a great effect on our lifestyle. It has made our life faster easy access to technology, improved innovation, and communication, it has also brought people of different cultures together. Apart from the cross border through which the countries developed, it led to a strong economic channel for the state. This also led to great concern for the environment because every good thing comes with some negative impact. Also due to globalization world came together which led to an increase in demand for the product as to fulfil those demands production needs to be done in a short period. The most impacted element was the natural resource because it takes time to form a natural resource. But in a short period, it gets consumed so the scarcity or we can say, some species have listed in the endangered species considered as rare consumption in huge demand has seriously impacted the ecological cycle. Earlier people use to consume those products which were available to them locally but globalization as brought people closer they share their culture, food, traditions. The demand for the product from the international border increased which led to an increase in transportation. The amount of fuel which is consumed for global transportation causes pollution and cause noise and air pollution, as well as to make a way for huge cargos with the shortest route has impacted the landscape of some continent. To avoid traffic in such route several other routes are constructed. Transportation also stressed the need for a non-renewable sources of energy i.e., gasoline. The gases released from the aircraft also led to the depletion of the ozone layer apart from the increasing greenhouse effect[5]. All the industrial wastage is either dumped in the ocean or the soil. That release harmful chemicals make the land infertile, Barren to grow crops or plants. The underwater organism gets killed the major example, is oil which is spilt from the leaking containers or the pipelines is harmful and which is very difficult to clean. Recent scenario from September 2021
In India Parle, Britannia, Amul, and ITC are the top most polluters. While the MNC's PepsiCo, Perfetti Van Melle, Hindustan Unilever, and Coca-Cola are the top most polluters. The practice of using single-use disposable and low-value plastic packaging onto consumers to improve their profit margins. PepsiCo cited that company by 2025 will recycle its packaging and plastic waste and will use 100% compostable, plant-based packaging for two of its most popular products. CSR focus on energy use, water use, waste management, recycling, emissions, etc. Developed nation considers Environmental issue as the trade barriers they exploit the underdeveloped country by polluting them and using polluting technologies they should be severely punished for their dumping policies. Corporate environmental responsibility (CER) is to create awareness about the environmental impact and carbon footprint on natural resources[9]. Conclusion Glaciers are melting sea- levels are rising, deforestation, burning of forests every year bring us closer to the destruction of the world. Globalization is good in several aspects but before setting up a Plant in a Developing country they should take care of the environment and frame such policies that help the environment how much they take from nature pay it back in little percentage at least could try to do good. The industries should be in touch be with the government of the locality and explain to them about their setup and the policies which would be followed by them the government of the country should also monitor timely and think of environment irrespective of profitmaking. Before setting up a hazardous chemical industry should take approval from the environment tribunals or authority of the country, with the approval certificate the land should be provided to them and it should be far away from the residential area. Global warming is the most important concern for every country. Countries should switch towards renewable source of energy. Setting up and promoting the solar plants in industries, schools, the residential areas will be helpful and the consumption of electricity would be less. Products should be recycled, factories should start investing in the latest technology and innovation through which they can reduce manufacturing waste, use less energy, and water. The countries should have the goal to become carbon neutral, net-zero or carbon negative. Switching to electric vehicles is the latest trend, UK Government has intended to buy Electric cars in the next 5 years and to ban petrol and diesel cars by 2030. The new housing plans include an electric vehicle plug-in hybrid. To avoid spilling in the ocean the cargos should not be overfilled with the fuel to reduce the capacity, regular inspection of the fittings as to reduce the risk. The pipelines in the ocean should also be regularly checked, the old and leaking pipes should be changed to avoid spills. The hazardous chemical industries should regularly keep an eye on the chemical storage tanks, maintain the temperature and the refrigeration process should be done with due care. The tank which holds the chemicals and the pipes need to be checked regularly change them on a regular interval of time as to avoid the unnecessary circumstances which harm the life of workers, people, and the environment. Apart, from profit-making, management should give importance to life and a healthy environment. The lease with the country for setting up the plant in the country should only be approved after the industry fulfils the environmental protection requirement. Authority should strictly monitor the working, maintenance, and disposing of the waste from the industry. While framing the laws on environmental issues and setting up tribunals strict laws should be framed without any loopholes, because loopholes allow the developed countries to take advantage of such weak laws and take advantage of everything. The developed countries use developing countries to dump their chemical waste in the developing country and they are unaware of the dumping which makes their land infertile, barren slowly plant, start dying water bodies become polluted and consuming the water animals, humans get infected. Dumping of chemical waste in the ocean kills thousands of water habitats. Birds consume those fish; grass and they are suffering from this infectious chemical disease. Inhaling chemical gases affects the lungs, exposure to fumes generally complains about eye irritation, conjunctivitis, skin irritation. People die due to respiratory problems, neurological, gastrointestinal symptoms. Workers working in these chemical industries should be provided with a mask, eye shields, gloves, boots and another safety requirement which are designed for chemical industries. End-Notes:
What are the negative effects of globalization to our environment?Increased greenhouse gas emissions, ocean acidification, deforestation (and other forms of habitat loss or destruction), climate change, and the introduction of invasive species all work to reduce biodiversity around the globe.
Does globalization destroy the environment?While globalization has certain advantages, it has also had negative consequences for the environment (Xia et al., 2022). Globalization has aided deforestation and the huge consumption of non-renewable fossil fuels and natural resources. Globalization places a strong focus on commerce, including import and export.
What are 4 negative effects of globalization?Some adverse consequences of globalization include terrorism, job insecurity, currency fluctuation, and price instability.
What are 5 negative effects of globalization?What Are the Disadvantages of Globalization?. Unequal economic growth. ... . Lack of local businesses. ... . Increases potential global recessions. ... . Exploits cheaper labor markets. ... . Causes job displacement.. |