Do medicare advantage plans cover nursing homes

En español | No, Medicare does not cover any type of long-term care, whether in nursing homes, assisted living communities or your own home.

Medicare does cover medical services in these settings. But it does not pay for a stay in a long-term care center or the cost of custodial care — help with the activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing, eating and using the bathroom — if that is the only care you need.

Does Medicare cover short-term stays for skilled nursing?

Yes, Medicare Part A, which covers inpatient hospital services, will pay for short-term stays in a Medicare-certified skilled nursing facility (SNF) in some situations. Your doctor may send you to there to receive specialized nursing care and rehabilitation after a hospital stay.

Care in a skilled nursing facility is covered only if you had a qualifying hospital stay, meaning that you were formally admitted as an inpatient to the hospital for at least three consecutive days. This is different from observation status, which doesn’t count even if you stayed in the hospital overnight.

When you enter the hospital, ask if you are being officially admitted or if you are there only for observation. That will be important in determining the beginning of your benefit period, which begins the day you are admitted to a hospital as an inpatient or become a patient in a skilled nursing facility , and ends when you’ve been out of those places for 60 days in a row. These rules also mean you might have more than one benefit period in a year.

You must be admitted to a skilled nursing facility within 30 days of leaving the hospital for the same illness or a condition related to it. Your doctor also must certify that you need daily skilled care from, or under the supervision of, skilled nursing or therapy staff.

What skilled nursing facility costs does Medicare cover?

Medicare can cover many of the services you receive in a skilled nursing facility, such as:

  • A semiprivate room and meals
  • Skilled nursing care
  • Medical social services and dietary counseling
  • Medications, medical equipment and supplies used in the facility
  • Occupational therapy, physical therapy or speech and language pathology services if needed to meet your health goal
  • Ambulance transportation if needed to receive necessary services that aren’t available in the facility

How much do I pay if I’m in a skilled nursing facility?

The portion of the costs that you pay depends on the duration of your eligible stay in a skilled nursing facility. You’ll have the following copayments for each benefit period:

  • $0 for days 1 to 20
  • $194.50 a day in 2022 for days 21 to 100
  • All costs day s 10 1 and beyond

A Medicare supplemental policy, better known as Medigap; retiree coverage; or other insurance may cover the copay for days 21 to 100 or add more coverage.

Keep in mind

Medicare doesn’t pay for the considerable cost of long-term care in a nursing home or other facility. But you may have other options to help cover long-term care costs.

Private pay. Many individuals and families pay out of pocket or tap assets such as property or investments to pay for long-term care. If they use up those resources, Medicaid may become an option.

Long-term care insurance. Some people buy long-term care insurance that may pay for custodial care in a nursing home or assisted living facility or for a caregiver to come to their home. To qualify for payouts, you generally must need help with at least two activities of daily living (ADLs) or provide evidence of cognitive impairment.

Veterans benefits. Military veterans may have access to long-term care benefits from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). 

Medicaid. The federally financed but state-run health program that provides coverage to people with low incomes pays a considerable portion of America’s nursing home bills. Medicaid eligibility varies by state but requires strictly limited income and financial assets.

Updated July 19, 2022

As people age, they tend to need much more care. Many people assume that Medicare entirely covers long-term care for older Americans who need it. They may be surprised to learn that this is often not the case. 

For a better picture of what Medicare does and does not cover, here is a breakdown of how Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage relate to nursing home services, non-medical elder care services, and related at-home treatment options. 

What Is the Difference Between Custodial and Skilled Nursing Care?

It’s important to start by making a distinction between custodial care and skilled nursing care. Both fall under the umbrella of long-term care, but they are two separate kinds of care with different coverage under Medicare. 

Custodial care refers to non-medical care that someone without medical licenses or training can provide. This kind of care is typically meant to help someone with basic personal care and activities of daily living, like eating, dressing, and bathing. Custodial care services are often provided by nurse’s aides, but other non-medical professionals can also provide these services. 

Skilled nursing care, by contrast, can only be provided by (or at least supervised by) trained and licensed medical professionals. Those who need medical care services, like nursing or rehabilitation, rather than simply help with daily activities require skilled nursing care. This care will generally be ordered by a doctor and provided by physical therapists and nurses. 

Medicare and Skilled Nursing Care

Various parts of Medicare may cover long-term skilled care. In general, Medicare Part A covers care received in a skilled nursing home facility for up to 100 days. During that time, the person must be receiving skilled care that is necessary for their recovery. There are some additional stipulations for Medicare Part A to cover skilled nursing facility (SNF) care:

  • The individual’s doctor must decide that they need daily skilled care
  • The SNF where the individual receives skilled services must be Medicare-certified
  • The individual’s medical condition must either be hospital-related and treated during their three-day inpatient hospital stay or one that developed during their care in the SNF

During each benefit period, the Original Medicare recipient pays no coinsurance per day for the first 20 days of an eligible stay in an SNF. Starting in 2023, the program will pay up to $200 coinsurance per day for days 21 to 100. In other words, Original Medicare will only cover skilled nursing care under quite limited circumstances and only on a short-term basis. 

Coverage for skilled nursing facilities under Medicare Advantage plans is the same from an actuarial standpoint, but the benefits and copays will vary depending on the plan. 

Both Medicare Advantage and Original Medicare may cover some at-home treatment services if a doctor certifies that such care is medically necessary and that the individual is unable to leave their home. 

Medicare Nursing Home Coverage

Skilled nursing facilities are not typically what people interested in long-term care are looking for. These individuals are often in need of custodial care, the kind of care offered by most standard nursing homes. Nursing homes help residents with activities of daily living and assist them with their personal needs in a safe, friendly environment. Medicare does not cover these non-medical elder care services provided by nursing homes, however. 

The list of nursing home-related services Medicare does not cover also includes:

  • Assisted living communities or facilities
  • Adult daycare
  • 24-hour at-home care or meal delivery

Custodial care Medicare coverage is limited only to instances when the individual also needs skilled care. So, the answer to the question “does Medicare cover nursing homes?” is no. Nursing home care generally won’t be covered by Medicare.

Coverage for nursing home care may be different under a Medicare Advantage plan, though. Because Medicare Advantage plans are provided by private health insurance companies, they provide varying levels of coverage. It’s not standard for Medicare Advantage plans to cover nursing home care, but there are some exceptions. There are special Medicare Advantage plans geared towards nursing home benefits. Your Medicare advisor can walk you through different carrier options to help you find the one that meets your needs. 

In summary, neither long-term custodial care nor long-term skilled care is covered under Original Medicare. Medicare Advantage plans have more flexibility to offer long-term care coverage, but this coverage is often still minimal.

Those who need assistance paying for long-term care may need to look for other options, such as an assisted living loan or long-term care insurance. You may also want to ask about dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid to cover long-term health expenses; these programs vary by state, so it’s best to get an advisor’s insight first.

When you have questions about your Medicare benefits, our skilled, licensed advisors can help you make sense of your options. Connect with one of our advisors online or by calling or texting (888) 443-5336 (TTY: 711) so we can help you prepare for your long-term health needs.