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Contents loading... Editors loading... Categories loading... When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. Original Editor - Your name will be added here if you created the original content for this page. Lead Editors Introduction[edit | edit source] Watershed cerebral infarctions (WI), also known as border zone infarcts, occur at the border between cerebral vascular territories where the tissue is furthest from arterial supply and thus most vulnerable to reductions in perfusion.[1] These strokes may often be preceded by specifically precipitating circumstances that induce hypotension and/or hypovolemia (rising from a supine position, exercise, Valsalva's maneuver, administration of antihypertensive drugs, bleeding and anemia)[2]. Epidemiology[edit | edit source]WI are a frequent clinical entity and are often under-recognised due to slow progression of the presenting symptoms and to the frequent association to seizures.[3]
This 10 minute video outlines WI [4] Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]It has been proposed that both episodes of hypoperfusion and microemboli from inflamed atherosclerotic plaques play a role in pathophysiology of WI. If low blood flow to watershed areas lasts for longer than a few minutes, the tissues in the watershed areas begin to die, causing a stroke due to low blood volume.
WI are classified thus:
Causes[edit | edit source]Low Fluid Volume/ Low Blood Pressure. Because the watershed areas are the farthest regions supplied by arterial supply systems, adequate blood flow and blood pressure must be maintained to ensure that enough blood is pumped into these areas. Watershed areas are at high risk during extreme drops of blood pressure. Common triggers for WI [5]
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]The symptoms of a watershed stroke are varied include but not limited to [5] Weakness or paralysis, especially of the legs. Mood disturbances. Vision loss in half of their field of vision. Cause seizures more often than do other types of stroke. Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]A watershed stroke can often be diagnosed through a neurological history and physical examination and can often be identified on a brain CT or a brain MRI. Treatment, Physiotherapy and more see stroke[edit | edit source]References[edit | edit source]
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What is the ICD50.
What is the ICD1. Acute Ischemic Stroke (ICD-10 code I63. *) should not be coded from an outpatient setting because confirmation of the diagnosis should be determined by diagnostics studies, such as non-contrast brain CT or brain MRI, which would be ordered in an emergency room and/or inpatient setting.
What is a multifocal ischemic stroke?Multifocal strokes, which have been described in patients with COVID-19 (17, 18), arise from a cardio-embolic source, arterio-arterial emboli from large arteries such as the aorta, carotid artery, and basilar artery, or circulating thrombi.
What is multifocal acute infarcts?The term “multi-infarct” means many strokes and many areas of damage. If blood flow is stopped for more than a few seconds, brain cells can die from a lack of oxygen. This damage is usually permanent. A stroke can be silent, which means it affects such a small area of the brain that it goes unnoticed.
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Acute ischemic multifocal multiple vascular territories stroke icd 10
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